The Algiers Agreement was a peace agreement between the governments of Eritrea and Ethiopia signed in Algiers, Algeria, on December 12, 2000, to formally end the war between Eritrea and Ethiopia, a border war waged by the two countries from 1998 to 2000. In that agreement, both parties reaffirmed the agreement on cessation of hostilities, signed on 18 June 2000. [1] The agreement established two neutral commissions: the Boundary Commission and the Claims Commission. However, in September 2007, Ethiopia considered Eritrea a violation of the agreement and warned that it could use it as a ground for termination or suspension of the agreement. [4] As of December 2007, about 4,000 Eritrean soldiers remained in the “demilitarized zone,” another 120,000 along the border. Ethiopia had 100,000 troops on its side. [5] 5. The Chairperson of the Commission shall be chosen by the Commissioners appointed by the Party or, without their consent, within 30 days of the date of appointment of the last Commissioner appointed by the Party by the Secretary-General of the United Nations after consultation with the Parties. The President may not be a national or permanent resident of either Party. Each party submitted its allegations and evidence to the Secretary, who presented its findings based on that evidence to the EEBC and identified those parts of the border where there did not appear to be any dispute between the parties. In case of disagreement, the parties submitted written and oral submissions and any additional evidence directly to the EEBC. 4. Each Party shall appoint, by written notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, two Commissioners within 45 days of the entry into force of this Agreement, none of whom shall be the national or permanent resident of the appointing Party.

If a Party does not appoint one or both of its Commissioners appointed by it within the time limit, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall make such appointment. Applications have been submitted to the Commission by each of the parties within one year of the entry into force of the Agreement on their own behalf and on behalf of their nationals and, with a few exceptions, the Commission should be the only body for such applications. In appropriate cases, the parties could assert claims on behalf of persons of Eritrean or Ethiopian origin who are not nationals. 8. Applications shall be submitted to the Commission by each of the Parties in its own name and on behalf of their nationals, including natural and legal persons. All applications submitted to the Commission shall be submitted no later than one year after the entry into force of this Agreement. With the exception of claims submitted to another mutually agreed settlement mechanism in accordance with paragraph 17 or filed in another forum prior to the date of entry into force of this Agreement, the Commission shall be the sole forum for deciding the claims described in paragraph 1 or filed in accordance with paragraph 9, as well as all claims that could and could not have been filed by that date; expire; in accordance with international law. As the Boundary Commission was unable to proceed with the demarcation process, it held a meeting with the parties in March 2006 to allow for the resumption of demarcation measures, but without success. The UN Security Council was questioned about the situation and called on the parties to fulfil their obligations under the Algiers Agreement. After further unsuccessful attempts to meet with the parties, the Boundary Commission held a closed session in The Hague on 20 November 2006. On 27 November 2006, the Boundary Commission issued a statement on an alternative approach to identifying the location of points for column placement through the use of image processing and terrain modelling techniques.

The declaration provided, inter alia, that if the parties had not reached an agreement on the placement of the pillars by the end of November 2007, the border would automatically be defined by the border points listed in the Annex to the Declaration. Following a meeting with the Parties on 6 and 7 September 2007, which did not result in an agreement, the Boundary Commission concluded on 30 November 2007 that the pillar sites listed in the annex to the Declaration became binding on the Parties. 1. This Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its signature. 2. The Parties authorize the Secretary-General of the OAU to register this Agreement with the Secretariat of the United Nations in accordance with Article 102(1) of the Charter of the United Nations. The EEBC issued a final judgment on the border in 2003, but its decision was rejected by Ethiopia. From August 2004, the border issue remained controversial, although a provisional peace continued. In November 2007, the EEBC completed the delimitation phase of the Algiers Agreement. [2] At that time, Ethiopia had not withdrawn its troops from these positions on the Eritrean side of the demarcated border. [3].

. 5. The Commission shall have its seat in The Hague. It may, at its discretion, hold hearings and conduct investigations in the territory of one of the Parties or in any other place it deems appropriate. 3. The Contracting Parties shall treat each other`s nationals and persons of national origin with the treatment duly accorded to them in their respective territories. Each commission consisted of five members and had its seat in The Hague, the Netherlands. Each country should appoint two commissioners who were not nationals of the country. The chairman of each committee was elected by the other commissioners. It was envisaged that if the Secretary-General of the United Nations did not agree on a President within 30 days, he would appoint a President after consultation with the parties. In addition, a neutral complaints commission has been set up. The mandate of the Commission was to adjudicate, by binding arbitration, all claims of a Government for loss, damage or injury against the other and by nationals of one Party against the Government of the other Party or bodies held by or controlled by the other Party that (a) were related to the conflict and (b) were the result of violations of international humanitarian law.

including the Geneva Conventions of 1949 or other violations of international law. 2. The Parties agree that a neutral five-member Border Commission with a mandate to delimit and delimit the boundary of the colonial treaty on the basis of the relevant colonial treaties (1900, 1902 and 1908) and applicable international law shall be established. The Commission is not empowered to take decisions ex aequo et bono. . 1. A neutral Complaints Commission shall be established in accordance with the Framework Agreement, in which the Parties undertake to address the negative socio-economic impact of the crisis on the civilian population, including the impact on deportees. The mandate of the Commission shall be to arbitrate, by binding arbitration, all claims of one Government for loss, damage or injury against the other and by nationals (including natural and legal persons) of one Party against the Government of the other Party or against entities owned or controlled by the other Party and (a) related to the Conflict; which was the subject of the framework agreement. the manner in which it is applied and the Convention on Cessation of Hostilities and (b) result from violations of international humanitarian law, including the Geneva Conventions of 1949, or other violations of international law […].